“Reading is essential for those who seek to rise above the ordinary”

— Jim Rohn

Resources

Books​

  • Al-Kandari, M., Anker, A., Khvorov, S., and V. Skryabin. 2023. Identification guide to the intertidal and shallow-water crustaceans of Kuwait, Cirripeda (Balanomorpha), Decapoda, Stomatopoda. Kuwait institute for scientific research, Kuwait.

  • Al-Yamani. 2021. FATHOMING THE NORTHWESTERN ARABIAN GULF: Oceanography and Marine Biology. Kuwait institute for scientific research, Kuwait.

  • Al-Yamani, F., Bishop, J., Ramadan, E., Al-Husaini, and Al-Gagban, A. (2004). Oceanographic Atlas of Kuwait's Waters. Kuwait institute for scientific research, 4 films printing, Kuwait.

    Basson, P.W., Burchard Jr, J.E., Hardy, J.T., and Price, A.R. (1977). Biotopes of the Western Arabian Gulf; marine life and environments of Saudi Arabia. Aramco Department of Loss Prevention and Environmental Affairs. Dhahran, Saudi Arabia.

  • Bliss, D.E. (1990). Shrimps, lobsters and crabs. Columbia University Press. USA.

  • Clayton, D and Pilcher, C.W.T. (Eds). 1983. Kuwait's Natural History; An Introduction. Kuwait Oil Company, Kuwait.

  • Clayton, D. and Wells, K. 1987. Discovering Kuwait's Wildlife. Kuwait.

  • Johanson, P.T. (1980). Histology of the Blue Crab Callinectes sapidus, a model for the Decapoda, Prager publishers. New York. USA.

  • Jones, D.A. (1986). A field guide to the sea shores of Kuwait and the Arabian Gulf. University of Kuwait by Blandford Press. UK.

  • Khan, N.Y., Munawar, M., and Price, A.R.G. (Eds). 2002. The Gulf Ecosystem; Health and Sustainability. Ecovision world Monograph Series. Backhuys Publishers, Leiden, The Netherlands.

  • Sheppard, C., Price, A., and Roberts, C. (1992). Marine ecology of the Arabian region: patterns and processes in extreme tropical environments. Academic Press. London. United Kingdom.

  • Naderloo, R. 2017. Atlas of crabs of the Persian Gulf. Springer International Publishing. Cham, Switzerland.

  • Warner, G.F. (1977). The biology of crabs. The Gresham Press, Old Working, Surrey.

  • Weis, J. S. (2012). Walking Sideways: The Remarkable World of Crabs. Cornell University Press. USA.

Crabs of the Region in Literatures

  1. Abdul-Salam, J., and B.S. Sreelatha. 2000. Surface morphology of Probolocoryphe uca (Sarkisian, 1957) (Digenea: Microphallidae) from Kuwait Bay. Systematic Parasitol 46, no. 3: 209–214. doi:10.1023/A:1006394104481/METRICS.

  2. Afkhami, M., Schubart, C.D., and R. Naderloo. 2016. Morphometric differentiation among populations of Leptodius exaratus (H. Milne Edwards, 1834) (Brachyura, Xanthidae) from the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman. Crustaceana 89, no. 3: 259–271. doi:10.1163/15685403-00003525.

  3. Al-Attar, M.H., and H. Ikenoue. 1974. Spawning season of shrimp Penaeus semisulcatus in the sea along the coast of Kuwait. Kuwait: Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, 16 p.

  4. Al Bakri, D., Behbehani, M., and A. Khuraibet. 1997a. Quantitative assessment of the intertidal environment of Kuwait I: Integrated environmental classification. J Environ Manage 51, no. 4: 321–332. doi:10.1006/jema.1997.0152.

  5. Al Bakri, D., Khuraibet, A., and M. Behbehani. 1997b. Quantitative assessment of the intertidal environment of Kuwait II: Controlling factors. J Environ Manage 51, no. 4: 333–341. doi:10.1006/jema.1997.0153.

  6. Al-Khayat, J.A., and B.W. Giraldes. 2020. Burrowing crabs in arid mangrove forests on the southwestern Arabian Gulf: Ecological and biogeographical considerations. Reg Stud Mar Sci 39: 101416. doi:10.1016/j.rsma.2020.101416.

  7. Al-Khayat, J.A., Jawal, L., and R. Riedel. 2018. Population biology of Manningis Arabicum (Jones & Clayton, 1983; Decapoda: Brachyura, Ocypodidae) from Umm SA mangrove swamps, Qatar. Aquac Fish 2, no. 2: 1–7. doi:10.24966/AAF-5523/100012.

  8. Al-Khayat, J.A., and D.A. Jones. 1996. Two new genera, Manningis and Leptochryseus (Decapoda: Camptandriinae), and descrip­tions of the first Zoea of six Brachyurans from the Arabian Gulf. J Crustac Biol 16, no. 4: 797–813. doi:10.2307/1549197.

  9. Al-Khayat, J.A., and D.A. Jones. 1999. A comparison of the macro­fauna of natural and replanted mangroves in Qatar. Estuar Coast Shelf Sci 49: 55–63. doi:10.1016/S0272-7714(99)80009-2.

  10. Al-Mohanna, S.Y., and M.N.V. Subrahmanyam. 2001. Flux of heavy metal accumulation in various organs of the intertidal marine blue crab, Portunus pelagicus (L.) from the Kuwait coast after the Gulf War. Environ Int 27, no. 4: 321–326. doi:10.1016/S0160-4120(01)00063-0.

  11. Al-Qaradawi, I., Abdel-Moati, M., Al-Yafei, M.A., Al-Ansari, E., Al-Maslamani, I., Holm, E., Al-Shaikh, I., Mauring, A., Pinto, P.V., Abdulmalik, D., Amir, A., Miller, M., Yigiterhan, O., and B. Persson. 2015. Radioactivity levels in the marine environment along the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) of Qatar. Mar Pollut Bull 90, nos. 1–2: 323–329. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.10.021.

  12. Al-Rumaidh, M.J. 2002. The biology, population dynamics and fish­ery management of the blue swimming crab Portunus pelagicus (Linaeus, 1758) in Bahraini waters. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Wales, Bangor, 273 p.

  13. Al-Wazzan, Z. 2012. Distribution, population structure, and intertidal bait fishery of the Xanthid Crab Leptodius exaratus (Brachyura: Xanthidae) in Kuwait’s rocky shores. M.Sc. Thesis, Bangor University, Bangor, UK.

  14. Al-Wazzan, Z. 2017. The biology and ecology of the rocky shore crab Leptodius exaratus (H. Milne Edwards, 1834) on the coast of Kuwait. Ph.D. Thesis, Bangor University. http://e.bangor.ac.uk/id/eprint/10249.

  15. Al-Wazzan, Z., Giménez, L., Behbehani, M., and L. Le Vay. 2019. Trophic niche separation in sympatric rocky shore crabs. J Mar Biol Assoc UK 99, no. 5: 1171–1180. doi:10.1017/S0025315419000134.

  16. Al-Wazzan, Z., Giménez, L., Behbehani, M., and L. Le Vay. 2020. Intertidal bait gleaning on rocky shores in Kuwait. Ocean Coast Manag 188: 105111. doi:10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2020.105111.

  17. Al-Wazzan, Z., Giménez, L., Behbehani, M., Le Vay, L., 2024. Population ecology of the intertidal xanthid crab Leptodius exaratus on rocky shores in Kuwait, NW Arabian Gulf. Journal of Crustacean Biology. 44, ruae019,  https://doi.org/10.1093/jcbiol/ruae019

  18. Al-Wazzan, Z., Le Vay, L., Behbehani, M., and L. Giménez. 2018. Hatching rhythm and larval release in Leptodius exaratus (H. Milne Edwards, 1834) (Decapoda: Brachyura: Xanthidae) from rocky shores in Kuwait. J Crustac Biol 38, no. 6: 804–811. doi:10.1093/jcbiol/ruy080.

  19. Al-Wazzan, Z., Le Vay, L., Behbehani, M., and L. Giménez. 2020. Scale-dependent spatial and temporal Patterns of abundance and population structure of the xanthid crab Leptodius exara­tus on rocky shores in Kuwait. Reg Stud Mar Sci 37: 101325. doi:10.1016/j.rsma.2020.101325.

  20. Al-Wazzan, Z., Waser, A.M., Glenner, H., Gimenez, L., and D.W. Thieltges. 2021. Temporal and spatial infection patterns of the Rhizocephalan parasite Parasacculina leptodiae (Guérin-Ganivet, 1911) in the crab Leptodius exaratus along the shores of Kuwait. Mar Biodiv 51, no. 6: 90. doi:10.1007/s12526-021-01235-3.

  21. Al-Zaidan, A.S.Y., Jones, D.A., Al-Mohanna, S.Y., and R. Meakins. 2003. Endemic macrofauna of the Sulaibikhat Bay salt marsh and mudflat habitats, Kuwait: Status and need for conservation. J Arid Environ 54, no. 1: 115–124. doi:10.1006/jare.2001.0886.

  22. Alcock, A. 1900. Material for a carcinological fauna of India. No. 6: The Brachyura Catometopa, or Grapsoidea. J Asiat Soc Bengal 69, no. 2: 279–456. https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/35612227.

  23. Apel, M., and M. Türkay. 1999. Taxonomic composition, distribution and zooeoahic relationships of the Grapsid and Ocypodid crab fauna of intertidal soft bottoms in the Arabian Gulf. Estuar Coast Shelf Sci 49: 131–142. doi:10.1016/S0272-7714(99)80018-3.

  24. Barth, H.-J. 2007. Crab induced salt marsh regeneration after the 1991 Gulf War oil spill. Aquat Ecosyst Health Manag 10, no. 3: 327–334. doi:10.1080/14634980701512624.

  25. Bas, C.C., Luppi, T., Spivak, E.D., and L. Schejter. 2009. Larval dis­persion of the estuarine crab Neohelice granulata in coastal marine waters of the southwest Atlantic. Estuar Coast Shelf Sci 83, no. 4: 569–576. doi:10.1016/j.ecss.2009.05.004.

  26. Bas, C.C., and E.D. Spivak. 2000. Effect of salinity on embryos of two southwestern Atlantic estuarine grapsid crab species cultured in vitro. J Crustac Biol 20, no. 4: 647–656. doi:10.1163/20021975-99990088.

  27. Bu-Olayan, A., and M.N.V. Subrahmanyam. 1998. Trace metal con­centrations in the crab Macrophthalmus depressus and sedi­ments on the Kuwait coast. Environ Monit Assess 53, no. 2: 297–304. doi:10.1023/A:100588242550.

  28. ClaytonAuQ12, D.A. 1986. Ecology of mudflats with particular reference to those of the north Arabian Gulf. In: Marine environment and pollution: Proc first Arabian Gulf conference on environment and pollution. Eds: R. Halwagy, D. Clayton, and M. Behbehani, 83–96. Indiana, USA: Alden Press.

  29. Clayton, D.A. 1988. Hood construction as a spacing mechanism in Cleistostoma kuwaitense (Crustacea: Ocypodidae). Mar Biol 99, no. 1: 57–61. doi:10.1007/BF00644977.

  30. Clayton, D.A. 2001. Acoustic calling in four species of ghost crabs: Ocypode jousseaumei, O. platytarsus, O. rotundata and O. saratan (Brachyura: Ocypodidae). Int J Animal Sound Recording 12, no. 1: 37–55. doi:10.1080/09524622.2001.9753477.

  31. Clayton, D.A. 2005. Substrate (acoustic/vibrational) communica­tion and ecology of the ghost crab Ocypode jousseaumei (Brachyura: Ocypodidae). Mar Freshw Behav Physiol 38, no. 1: 53–70. doi:10.1080/10236240500057952.

  32. Clayton, D.A. 2008. Singing and dancing in the ghost crab Ocypode platytarsus (Crustacea, Decapoda, Ocypodidae). J Nat Hist 42, nos. 3–4: 141–155. doi:10.1080/00222930701840530.

  33. Clayton, D.A., and D.A. Jones. 1983. The systematics and ecology of crabs belonging to the genera Cleistostoma De Haan and Paracleistostoma De Man on Kuwait mudflats. Crustaceana 45, no. 2: 183–199. doi:10.1163/156854083X00613.

  34. Ebrahimnezhad, S., and R. Naderloo. 2019. Quantitative analyses of decapod crustaceans at a rocky intertidal shore in the Gulf of Oman, Iran: Diversity, zonation and monsoonal fluctua­tions. J Mar Biol Assoc UK 99, no. 2: 445–459. doi:10.1017/S0025315418000310.

  35. Ehsan, K., Nabi, S.A., and M. Yahyavi. 2010. Stock assessment and reproductive biology of the blue swimming crab, Portunus pelagicus in Bandar Abbas coastal waters, northern Persian Gulf. J Persian Gulf 1, no. 2: 11–22.

  36. Elezz, A.A., Castillo, A., Hassan, H.M., Alsaadi, H.A., and P. Vethamony. 2022. Distribution and environmental geochemi­cal indices of mercury in tar contaminated beaches along the coast of Qatar. Mar Pollut Bull 175: 113349. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113349.

  37. El Gammal, M.A., Al-Madan, A., and N. Fita. 2016. Shrimp, crabs and squids as bio-indicators for heavy metals in Arabian Gulf, Saudi Arabia. Int J Fish Aquatic Studies 4: 200–207.

  38. Galil, B.S., Ashelby, C.W., and P.F. Clark. 2012. New records of four Leucosiid species (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Leucosiidae) from Qatar, Persian Gulf. Mar Biodiv Rec 5: e84. doi:10.1017/S1755267212000498.

  39. Ghotbeddin, N., and R. Naderloo. 2014. Confirming of the occur­rence of three intertidal Xanthid crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Xanthidae) in the Gulf of Oman. Mar Biodiv Rec 7: e98. doi:10.1017/S1755267214000712.

  40. Giraldes, B.W., Al-Maslamani, I., Al-Ashwel, A., Chatting, M., and D. Smyth. 2016. Basic assessment of Portunus Segnis (Forskål, 1775) – A baseline for stock management in the western Arabian Gulf. Egypt J Aquat Res 42, no. 1: 111–119. doi:10.1016/j.ejar.2016.02.001.

  41. Giraldes, B.W., Al-Maslamani, I., and D. Smyth. 2017. A new spe­cies of Leucosiid crab (Decapoda: Brachyura: Leucosiidae) from the Arabian Gulf. Zootaxa 4250, no. 4: 389. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4250.4.9.

  42. Hassan, H.A., and I. Al-Maslamani. 2015. Environmental contami­nation in mangrove crustaceans inhabiting Qatari waters. In: Qatar University life science symposium – QULSS 2015 clobal changes: The Arabian Gulf ecosystem. Hamad bin Khalifa University Press (HBKU Press). doi:10.5339/qproc.2015.qulss2015.26.

  43. Hogarth, P.J. 1994. Brachyuran crabs (Xanthoidea: Xanthidae, Pilumnidae, Menippidae and Trapeziidae) of southern Oman. Trop Zool 7: 93–108. doi:10.1080/03946975.1994.10539244.

  44. Hogarth, P.J., and M. Beech. 2001. A first modern record of the man­grove crab Scylla serrata in the UAE and south-eastern Arabian Gulf. Tribulus 11: 30.

  45. Hornby, R.J. 1997. A survey of the habitats, invertebrate fauna and environmental sensitivity of the mainland coast of the UAE, with information on status and distribution of crustaceans. Tribulus 7, no. 2: 11–17.

  46. Hosseini, M., Vazirizade, A., Parsa, Y., and A. Mansori. 2012. Sex ratio, size distribution and seasonal abundance of blue swim­ming crab, Portunus pelagicus (Linnaeus, 1758) in Persian Gulf coasts, Iran. World Applied Sci J 17, no. 7: 919–925. doi:10.5829/idosi.wasj.2012.19.10.882.

  47. Hosseini, S.H. 2009. The intertidal decapods of Bushehr, northern part of the Persian Gulf. Iranian J Fish Sci 8, no. 1: 37–46.

  48. Ibrahim, G.A., Atallah, A.A., Anbtawi, N.M.G., and A. Ben Ahmed. 2020. Interaction of physicochemical parameters and the blue crab Portunus pelagicus (Linnaeus, 1758) in the Arabian Gulf. Int J Oceans Oceanogr 14: 33–76.

  49. Jones, D.A. 1986. Ecology of the rocky and sandy shores of Kuwait. In: Marine environment and pollution: Proc first Arabian Gulf conference on environment and pollution. Eds: R. Halwagy, D. Clayton, and M. Behbehani, 69–81. IndianaAuQ13: Alden Press.

  50. Jones, D.A., and D. Clayton. 1983. The systematics and ecology of crabs belonging to the genera Cleistostoma De Haan and Paracleistostoma De Man. Crustaceana 45, no. 2: 183–199. doi:10.1163/156854083X00613.

  51. Jones, D.A., Price, A.R.G., Al-Yamani, F., and A. Al-Zaidan. 2002. Coastal and marine ecosystem. In: The Gulf ecosystem; health and sustainability. Eds: N.Y. Khan, M. Munawar, and A.R.G. Price, 65–103. Leiden, The Netherlands: Ecovision world Monograph Series, Backhuys Publishers.

  52. Jones, D.A., Woodhouse, T.D., and M.D. Richmond. 1994. Intertidal recovery in the Dawhat Ad-Dafi and Dawhat al-Musallamiya region (Saudi Arabia) after the Gulf War oil spill. In: The sta­tus of coastal and marine habitats two years after the Gulf War oil spill. Eds: A.H. Abuzinada, and F. Krupp, 27–33. Frankfurt: Courier Forsch.-Inst Senckenberg.

  53. Karam, Q., Ali, M., Subrahmanyam, M.N.V., Al-Abdul, K., Bentley, M., and M.U. Beg. 2019. A comparative study on the effect of dispersed and undispersed Kuwait crude oil on egg hatching and larval survival of Epinephelus coioides. J Environ Biol 40: 192–199. doi:10.22438/jeb/40/2/MRN-836.

  54. Karam, Q., Guermazi, W., Subrahmanyam, M.N.V., Al-Enezi, Y., Ali, M., Leignel, V., and N. Annabi-Trabelsi. 2023. Portunus pelagicus (Linnaeus, 1758) as a sentinel species to assess trace metal occurrence: A case study of Kuwait waters (north­western

  55. Khaksari, H., Safaie, M., and A. Salarzadeh. 2023. Population dynam­ics and reproductive biology of Scylla serrata (Forskål, 1775) on the shores overlooking the mangrove forest of the Persian Gulf. Reg Stud Mar Sci 57, no. 6: 102758. doi:10.1016/J.RSMA.2022.102758.

  56. Khvorov, S.A., Al-Sinawi, M.N., Al-Kharusi, L.H., and M.N. Al-Mosharfi. 2012. Catalogue of brachyuran crabs (Decapoda) of the Sultanate of Oman: Part I. The Arabian Sea coast (Dhofar, Al-Wusta, southern part of Sharqiya). Crustaceana 85: 1735–1744.

  57. Le Vay, L., and M. Falamarzi. 2009. Population biology and inshore fishery assessment for the blue swimming crab. Doha, Qatar:


  59. Madany, I.M., Wahab, A.A.A., and Z. Al-Alawi. 1996. Trace met­als concentrations in marine organisms from the coastal areas of Bahrain, Arabian Gulf. Water Air Soil Pollut 91, nos. 3–4: 233–248. doi:10.1007/BF00666260.

  60. Malan, D.E. 1988. The effects of Qatar light crude oil on the saltmarsh crab Sesarma caienata and its implications in the field: Toxicity to adults and larvae. South African J Marine Sci 7, no. 1: 37–44. doi:10.2989/025776188784379026.

  61. Mokhtari, M., Savari, A., Rezai, H., Kochanian, P., and A. Bitaab. 2008. Population ecology of fiddler crab, Uca lactea annuli­pes (Decapoda: Ocypodidae) in Sirik mangrove estuary, Iran. Estuar Coast Shelf Sci 76, no. 2: 273–281. doi:10.1016/J.ECSS.2007.07.010.

  62. Monikh, F.A., Hosseini, M., and S. Rahmanpour. 2014. The effect of size and sex on PCB and PAH concentrations in crab Portunus pelagicus. Environ Monit Assess 186, no. 3: 1575–1582. doi:10.1007/s10661-013-3475-x.

  63. Naderloo, R. 2011b. A new species of the Macrophthalmus boscii-group (Decapoda: Brachyura: Macrophthalmidae) from the Persian Gulf with designation of a neotype for M. Boscii Audouin (1826). Mar Biodiv 41, no. 4: 503–515. doi:10.1007/s12526-010-0077-5.

  64. Naderloo, R. 2012. Decapod crustaceans of the littoral and shallow sublittoral Iranian coast of the Persian Gulf: Faunistics, biodi­versity and zoogeography. Zootaxa 3374: 1–67.

  65. Naderloo, R. 2013. The sentinel crabs of the genus Chaenostoma (Stimpson, 1858) (Crustacea: Brachyura: Macrophthalmidae), with description of a new species and new records. J Nat Hist 47, nos. 45–46: 2835–2848. doi:10.1080/00222933.2013.807948.

  66. Naderloo, R. 2014. Invasive Hepu Mitten crab, Eriocheir hepuensis (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Varunidae) from the Iranian marshland in the northern Persian Gulf estuarine system. Mar Biodiv Rec 7: e23. doi:10.1017/S1755267214000219.

  67. Naderloo, R. 2015a. A new species of decorator crabs, genus Menaethiops Alcock, 1895 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Majoidea: Epialthidae), from Abu-Musa Island, Persian Gulf, Iran. Zootaxa 3925, no. 3: 431. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3925.3.7.

  68. Naderloo, R. 2015b. Two new species of Palapedia Ng, 1993 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura, Xanthidae) from the Persian Gulf. Zootaxa 3994, no. 2: 265. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3994.2.6.

  69. Naderloo, R. 2017. Atlas of crabs of the Persian Gulf. Cham: Springer. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-49374-9.

  70. Naderloo, R., Ebrahimnejad, S., Dustali, A., and M. Mahdian. 2016a. Five crabs of the families Xanthidae and Pilumnidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) from Abu-Musa Island, Iran; new records for the Persian Gulf. Mar Biodiv Rec 9, no. 1: 19. doi:10.1186/s41200-016-0019-4.

  71. Naderloo, R., Ebrahimnezhad, S., and A. Sari. 2015. Annotated check­list of the decapod crustaceans of the Gulf of Oman, northwest­ern Indian Ocean. Zootaxa 4028, no. 3: 397–412. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4028.3.5.

  72. Naderloo, R., and Y. Fatemi. 2015. New record of the rare alien grapsoid crab Percnon affine (H. Milne Edwards, 1853) (Crustacea, Decapoda, Grapsoidea, Plagusidae) from the northern Indian Ocean. Mar Biodiv Rec 8: e92. doi:10.1017/S1755267215000603.

  73. Naderloo, R., and A. Sari. 2005. Iranian subtidal Leucosiid crabs (Crustacea: Deacapoda: Brachyura) of the Persian Gulf: Taxonomy and zoogeography. Iran J Anim Biosyst 1: 28–43.

  74. Naderloo, R., and A. Sari. 2007. New record of Hyastenus inermis (Rathbun, 1911) (Brachyura, Majidae) from the Persian Gulf, Iran. Crustaceana 80: 1261–1264.

  75. Naderloo, R., and C.D. Schubart. 2009. Redescription and mitochon­drial identification of Chiromantes boulengeri (Calman, 1920) (Decapoda: Brachyura: Sesarmidae) based on fresh mate­rial from the Persian Gulf, Iran. Zootaxa 2128, no. 1: 61–68. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.2128.1.3.

  76. Naderloo, R., and C.D. Schubart. 2010. Description of a new species of Parasesarma (Crustacea; Decapoda; Brachyura; Sesarmidae) from the Persian Gulf, based on morphological and genetic characteristics. Zoologischer Anzeiger – J Comparative Zool 249, no. 1: 33–43. doi:10.1016/j.jcz.2010.01.003.

  77. Naderloo, R., Schubart, C.D., and H.T. Shih. 2016b. Genetic and mor­phological separation of Uca Occidentalis, a new East African fid­dler crab species, from Uca annulipes (H. Milne Edward, 1837) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Ocypodidae). Zoologischer Anzeiger – J Comparative Zool 262: 10–19. doi:10.1016/j.jcz.2016.03.010.

  78. Naderloo, R., and M. Türkay. 2009. A new species of the genus Nanosesarma (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Sesarmidae), and redescription of Nanosesarma Jousseaumei (Nobili, 1906), including new records from the Persian Gulf. J Nat Hist 43, nos. 47–48: 2911–2923. doi:10.1080/00222930903219996.

  79. Naderloo, R., and M. Türkay. 2011. A new species of the Macrophthalmus boscii-group (Decapoda: Brachyura: Macrophthalmidae) from the Persian Gulf with designation of a Neotype for M. boscii Audouin (1826). Mar Biodiv 41, no. 4: 503–515.

  80. Naderloo, R., and M. Türkay. 2012. Decapod crustaceans of the lit­toral and shallow sublittoral Iranian coast of the Persian Gulf: Faunistics, biodiversity and zoogeography. Zootaxa 3374: 1–67.

  81. Naderloo, R., Türkay, M., and M. Apel. 2011. Brachyuran crabs of the family Macrophthalmidae Dana, 1851 (Decapoda: Brachyura: Macrophthalmidae) of the Persian Gulf. Zootaxa 2911: 1–42.

  82. Naderloo, R., Türkay, M., and H.L. Chen. 2010. Taxonomic revision of the wide-front fiddler crabs of the Uca lactea group (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Ocypodidae) in the Indo-West Pacific. Zootaxa 2500, no. 1: 1. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.2500.1.1.

  83. Nagao, J., Munehara, H., and K. Shimazaki. 1999. Embryonic devel­opment of the hair crab Erimacrus isenbeckii. J Crustac Biol 19, no. 1: 77. doi:10.2307/1549549.

  84. Niamaimandi, N., Aziz, A., Khalijah, D.S., Roos, S.C., and B. Kiabi. 2008. Reproductive biology of the green tiger prawn (Penaeus semisulcatus) in coastal waters of Bushehr, Persian Gulf. ICES J Mar Sci 65, no. 9: 1593–1599. doi:10.1093/icesjms/fsn172.

  85. Nobili, G. 1905. Note sur Ocypoda fabricii Milne Edwards. Bulletin du Muséum d’Histoire naturelle, Paris 11, no. 4: 229–235.

  86. Nozar, S.L.M., Pauzi, M.Z., Salarpouri, A., Daghooghi, B., and M. Salimizadeh. 2015. Total petroleum hydrocarbons in edible marine biota from northern Persian Gulf. Environ Monit Assess 187, no. 4: 1–6. doi:10.1007/s10661-015-4443-4.

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